By Ellen Wulfhorst. A woman uses a smartphone to perform various tasks in New York in this September 25, file photo. Government ability Office. The study compared U. Census Bureau data from to Congress t Economic Committee, which was to hold a hearing on the report in Washington on Tuesday.
Women made up 40 percent of managers and 49 percent of non-managers in the work force, largely unchanged from , the study said. Having children was a major factor in gender pay differences, the study found. Mothers of children under 18 comprised just 14 percent of managers and 17 percent of nominates, the study said. The study looked at 13 industry sectors -- construction, manufacturing, information and communications, leisure and hospitality, professional and business services, public administration, retail trade, transportation and utilities, wholesale trade, health care and social assistance, educational services, financial activities and other services.
The sectors represent all industries except agriculture and mining, it said. The pay gaps differed by industry, ranging from a cent gap in construction to a cent gap in public administration, it said. The study looked at through in an effort to factor out the role of the U. Maloney said she blamed some of the persistent wage gap on discrimination and on gender stereotypes. The report said researchers have not agreed on reasons for the gap and said some differences could be explained by factors that are difficult to measure such as levels of responsibility, years of experience or discriminatory practices.
Small Business News Updated. By Ellen Wulfhorst 3 Min Read.
Full-time students with children may qualify for extra financial help on top of the standard student finance package. Depending on your circumstances, you may be able to get:. The Childcare Grant is there to help full-time students with the cost of childcare during term times and holidays. Even if they're registered or approved, you won't be able to get the Childcare Grant if you use care provider who:. A relative of the child means a parent, grandparent, aunt, uncle, brother or sister related by blood or marriage or a person with a strong relationship to the child such as someone acting as a parent to their partner's children.
If you've any questions about the meaning of 'relative', ask your Student Finance NI office. The Parents' Learning Allowance can help pay for course-related costs such as books, materials and travel. On the main student finance application, complete the section that asks about applying for extra help for students with children.
The Support Funds can provide support for students on lower incomes who run into financial problems. Universities and colleges decide how to distribute payments, but students with children - and especially lone parents - are a priority for the fund.